diff --git a/include/pybind11/detail/native_enum_data.h b/include/pybind11/detail/native_enum_data.h
index 6770378fc1..a95e63d6dd 100644
--- a/include/pybind11/detail/native_enum_data.h
+++ b/include/pybind11/detail/native_enum_data.h
@@ -200,9 +200,13 @@ inline void native_enum_data::finalize() {
     }
     parent_scope.attr(enum_name) = py_enum;
     if (export_values_flag) {
+        // Allow an already-exported Enum member with the same name to be replaced,
+        // so two native_enums can share exported value names (see issue #6031).
+        auto enum_base = import_or_getattr("enum.Enum", " (native_enum export_values)");
         for (auto member : members) {
             auto member_name = member[int_(0)];
-            if (hasattr(parent_scope, member_name)) {
+            if (hasattr(parent_scope, member_name)
+                && !isinstance(parent_scope.attr(member_name), enum_base)) {
                 pybind11_fail("pybind11::native_enum<...>(\"" + enum_name_encoded + "\").value(\""
                               + member_name.cast<std::string>()
                               + "\"): an object with that name is already defined");
diff --git a/tests/test_native_enum.cpp b/tests/test_native_enum.cpp
index 816ace01d1..9ff99bee70 100644
--- a/tests/test_native_enum.cpp
+++ b/tests/test_native_enum.cpp
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ enum class flags_uint : unsigned int { bit0 = 0x1u, bit1 = 0x2u, bit2 = 0x4u };
 
 enum class export_values { exv0, exv1 };
 
+enum class export_values2 { exv0, exv2 };
+
 enum class member_doc { mem0, mem1, mem2 };
 
 struct class_with_enum {
@@ -120,6 +122,13 @@ TEST_SUBMODULE(native_enum, m) {
         .export_values()
         .finalize();
 
+    // Shares "exv0" with export_values above (issue #6031).
+    py::native_enum<export_values2>(m, "export_values2", "enum.IntEnum")
+        .value("exv0", export_values2::exv0)
+        .value("exv2", export_values2::exv2)
+        .export_values()
+        .finalize();
+
     py::native_enum<member_doc>(m, "member_doc", "enum.IntEnum")
         .value("mem0", member_doc::mem0, "docA")
         .value("mem1", member_doc::mem1)
diff --git a/tests/test_native_enum.py b/tests/test_native_enum.py
index 426220013e..135829a47f 100644
--- a/tests/test_native_enum.py
+++ b/tests/test_native_enum.py
@@ -48,6 +48,11 @@
     ("exv1", 1),
 )
 
+EXPORT_VALUES2_MEMBERS = (
+    ("exv0", 0),
+    ("exv2", 1),
+)
+
 MEMBER_DOC_MEMBERS = (
     ("mem0", 0),
     ("mem1", 1),
@@ -62,6 +67,7 @@
     (m.flags_uchar, FLAGS_UCHAR_MEMBERS),
     (m.flags_uint, FLAGS_UINT_MEMBERS),
     (m.export_values, EXPORT_VALUES_MEMBERS),
+    (m.export_values2, EXPORT_VALUES2_MEMBERS),
     (m.member_doc, MEMBER_DOC_MEMBERS),
     (m.func_sig_rendering, FUNC_SIG_RENDERING_MEMBERS),
     (m.class_with_enum.in_class, CLASS_WITH_ENUM_IN_CLASS_MEMBERS),
@@ -101,8 +107,11 @@ def test_enum_flag(enum_type):
 
 
 def test_export_values():
-    assert m.exv0 is m.export_values.exv0
+    # Regression test for issue #6031.
     assert m.exv1 is m.export_values.exv1
+    assert m.exv2 is m.export_values2.exv2
+    assert m.export_values.exv0 is not m.export_values2.exv0
+    assert m.exv0 is m.export_values2.exv0
 
 
 def test_class_doc():