feat: implement cast from whole numbers to binary format and bool to decimal #3083

coderfender · 2026-01-13T23:40:37Z

Which issue does this PR close?

Add int (byte/short/int/long) → binary cast support for LEGACY mode only (per Spark)
Add boolean → decimal cast support
Update cast tests to use DSL instead of SQL for regular casts (except try mode since try_cast is only supported starting Spark 4x)
Skip try_cast tests for casts not supported by Spark SQL

Relavent spark code :
https://github.com/apache/spark/blob/f89fbd49c45045b44259341c6c73e30ee9c46dd0/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/Cast.scala#L682

(Note that only legacy mode routes the code here while we Try and ANSI are not supported)

Closes #.

Rationale for this change

Add new comet native cast functionality

What changes are included in this PR?

How are these changes tested?

CastTestSuite tests and additional tests to cast Boolean to various Decimal Types

coderfender · 2026-01-14T02:54:17Z

@parthchandra , @andygrove these are the changes to support int to binary cast and bool to decimal cast operation . I have also had to change the base test to make sure that we use DSL (since Int -> Binary casts are only supported in the DSL side of Spark and would raise an encoding exception if we use Spark SQL) . Also, Int -> Binary casts do not support Try or ANSI eval modes in Spark and I have followed the same convention here as well

coderfender · 2026-01-14T06:20:20Z

Fixed format issue with compatibility.md ( I initially didn't add it but turns out the builds are failing with git errors)

codecov-commenter · 2026-01-14T23:10:00Z

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 63.82979% with 17 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 59.98%. Comparing base (f09f8af) to head (6419906).
⚠️ Report is 918 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...scala/org/apache/comet/expressions/CometCast.scala	63.82%	0 Missing and 17 partials ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##               main    #3083      +/-   ##
============================================
+ Coverage     56.12%   59.98%   +3.85%     
- Complexity      976     1464     +488     
============================================
  Files           119      175      +56     
  Lines         11743    16171    +4428     
  Branches       2251     2685     +434     
============================================
+ Hits           6591     9700    +3109     
- Misses         4012     5114    +1102     
- Partials       1140     1357     +217

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andygrove

Thanks for adding int→binary and boolean→decimal cast support!

Issue: Dead code

The function canCastToBinary (lines 354-358 in CometCast.scala) is defined but never called anywhere. This appears to be unused code that should be removed.

private def canCastToBinary(fromType: DataType): SupportLevel = fromType match {
  case DataTypes.ByteType | DataTypes.ShortType | DataTypes.IntegerType | DataTypes.LongType =>
    Compatible()
  case _ => Unsupported(Some(s"Cast from BinaryType to $fromType is not supported"))
}

The actual logic for int→binary casts is correctly handled in the canCastFromByte, canCastFromShort, canCastFromInt, and canCastFromLong functions.

Otherwise, the implementation looks good:

Correctly limits int→binary to LEGACY mode only (matching Spark)
Boolean→Decimal implementation handles precision/scale correctly
Tests use column data from parquet (not just literals)
Compatibility docs updated
ANSI and Try modes correctly disabled for int→binary tests

This review was generated with AI assistance.

andygrove · 2026-01-16T14:27:57Z

There is a test failure:

2026-01-14T23:17:19.7092172Z - cast StringType to DecimalType(2,2) *** FAILED *** (684 milliseconds)
2026-01-14T23:17:19.7092965Z   "[[CAST_INVALID_INPUT] The value '
2026-01-14T23:17:19.7100086Z 3' of the type "STRING" cannot be cast to "DECIMAL(2,2)" because it is malformed. Correct the value as per the syntax, or change its target type. Use `try_cast` to tolerate malformed input and return NULL instead. If necessary set "spark.sql.ansi.enabled" to "false" to bypass this error]." did not equal "[[NUMERIC_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE] 3 cannot be represented as Decimal(2, 2). If necessary set "spark.sql.ansi.enabled" to "false" to bypass this error, and return NULL instead]." (CometCastSuite.scala:1424)
2026-01-14T23:17:19.7102421Z   Analysis:
2026-01-14T23:17:19.7102696Z   "[[CAST_INVALID_INPUT] The value '
2026-01-14T23:17:19.7105340Z 3' of the type "STRING" cannot be cast to "DECIMAL(2,2)" because it is malformed. Correct the value as per the syntax, or change its target type. Use `try_cast` to tolerate malformed input and return NULL instead. If necessary set "spark.sql.ansi.enabled" to "false" to bypass this error]." -> "[[NUMERIC_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE] 3 cannot be represented as Decimal(2, 2). If necessary set "spark.sql.ansi.enabled" to "false" to bypass this error, and return NULL instead]."

coderfender · 2026-01-16T19:26:02Z

Thank you @andygrove ,I am working on the test failures (I believe there is a bug on the DSL side vs using Spark SQL)

native/spark-expr/src/conversion_funcs/cast.rs

coderfender · 2026-01-21T01:56:01Z

There is a mismatch in the error message thrown by spark vs comet for a cast test from StringType to DecimalType(2,2) . I will raise a new PR to fix that error message .

Steps to Reproduce :


  test("cast StringType to DecimalType(2,2) -test error message") {
    withSQLConf(CometConf.getExprAllowIncompatConfigKey(classOf[Cast]) -> "true") {
      println("testing with simple input")
      val values = Seq("       3").toDF("a")
      Seq(true, false).foreach(ansiEnabled =>
        castTest(values, DataTypes.createDecimalType(2, 2), testAnsi = ansiEnabled))
    }
  }

coderfender · 2026-01-21T01:56:19Z

cc : @andygrove , @parthchandra

coderfender · 2026-01-21T20:41:00Z

I also found that the tests are not running on truly deterministic inputs . For example this test is failing (if I disable / change inputs for a test before that) :

  test("cast StringType to DecimalType(38,10) high precision") {
    withSQLConf(CometConf.getExprAllowIncompatConfigKey(classOf[Cast]) -> "true") {
      // TODO fix for Spark 4.0.0
      assume(!isSpark40Plus)
      val values = gen.generateStrings(dataSize, numericPattern, 38).toDF("a")
      Seq(true, false).foreach(ansiEnabled =>
        castTest(values, DataTypes.createDecimalType(38, 10), testAnsi = ansiEnabled))
    }
  }

[0e31,0E-10]                                   [0e31,null]

coderfender · 2026-01-25T07:33:44Z

Related PR to fix test in decimal cast : #3248

coderfender · 2026-02-01T21:47:27Z

@andygrove , @parthchandra I rebased the feature with main and the CometCastSuite finishes successfully on my local machine. Please review and kickoff CI whenever you get a chance

parthchandra · 2026-02-02T18:57:48Z

spark/src/test/scala/org/apache/comet/CometCastSuite.scala

+        if (testTry) {
+          data.createOrReplaceTempView("t")
+          // try_cast() should always return null for invalid inputs
+//          not using spark DSL since it `try_cast` is only available from Spark 4x


Not clear to me what this comment means. Do you mean that this should be run only for Spark 4.0? Maybe this should be in a different set of tests that assumes 4.0 is available?

Sure . The try cast method is only available in spark 4 and my new cast impl doesnt even support that eval mode

So spark added DSL method to support try_cast starting v 4.0.0 . In order to keep the build working, I kept the try_cast as a SQL statement. Also, these changes to support Int / Long -> Binary dont support ANSI or Try Eval modes so I thought to keep the changes minimal

So what does this do in Spark 3.5? The query in the test has a try_cast in it.

try_cast was introduced in Spark 3.2 it seems https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-34881

True. That is the SQL version of it. DSL version of it got added in v4.0.0 . I initially tried to convert all SQL statements to DSL but had to hold back on updating try_cast DSL from SQL given that it is only available starting v.4 and wold cause compilation issues in other spark 3x versions

Oh I get it now.
nit: can you align the // ?

parthchandra

lgtm. (minor comment)

parthchandra · 2026-02-03T18:45:08Z

spark/src/test/scala/org/apache/comet/CometCastSuite.scala

+        if (testTry) {
+          data.createOrReplaceTempView("t")
+          // try_cast() should always return null for invalid inputs
+//          not using spark DSL since it `try_cast` is only available from Spark 4x


Oh I get it now.
nit: can you align the // ?

coderfender · 2026-02-03T19:30:34Z

Thank you for the approval @parthchandra

coderfender changed the title ~~feat : implement cast from int (whole numbers) to binary~~ feat : implement cast from int (whole numbers) to binary format Jan 14, 2026

coderfender changed the title ~~feat : implement cast from int (whole numbers) to binary format~~ feat: implement cast from int (whole numbers) to binary format Jan 14, 2026

coderfender changed the title ~~feat: implement cast from int (whole numbers) to binary format~~ feat: implement cast from int whole numbers to binary format Jan 14, 2026

coderfender changed the title ~~feat: implement cast from int whole numbers to binary format~~ feat: implement cast from whole numbers to binary format Jan 14, 2026

andygrove requested changes Jan 16, 2026

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coderfender force-pushed the support_short_to_binary branch from 910fe4f to 69d8290 Compare January 17, 2026 02:35

parthchandra reviewed Jan 20, 2026

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native/spark-expr/src/conversion_funcs/cast.rs Show resolved Hide resolved

coderfender force-pushed the support_short_to_binary branch from 8ccd20a to fb8814f Compare January 25, 2026 08:33

coderfender changed the title ~~feat: implement cast from whole numbers to binary format~~ feat: implement cast from whole numbers to binary format (depends on #3248) Jan 26, 2026

coderfender changed the title ~~feat: implement cast from whole numbers to binary format (depends on #3248)~~ feat: implement cast from whole numbers to binary format (blocked by #3248) Jan 26, 2026

coderfender added 6 commits February 1, 2026 12:56

int_to_binary

999e1f1

int_to_binary

9c1dc34

int_to_binary

c30a51e

int_to_binary

61d7db3

int_to_binary_boolean_to_decimal

34d9ea8

int_to_binary_boolean_to_decimal

05e7e50

coderfender force-pushed the support_short_to_binary branch from d1f1512 to 05e7e50 Compare February 1, 2026 20:56

coderfender added 2 commits February 1, 2026 13:00

rebase_main

cd1e061

rebase_main

6419906

coderfender changed the title ~~feat: implement cast from whole numbers to binary format (blocked by #3248)~~ feat: implement cast from whole numbers to binary format Feb 1, 2026

coderfender requested review from andygrove and parthchandra February 2, 2026 17:31

parthchandra reviewed Feb 2, 2026

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coderfender mentioned this pull request Feb 2, 2026

[EPIC] Fully support ANSI mode #313

Open

coderfender changed the title ~~feat: implement cast from whole numbers to binary format~~ feat: implement cast from whole numbers to binary format and bool to decimal Feb 3, 2026

coderfender requested a review from parthchandra February 3, 2026 06:37

parthchandra approved these changes Feb 3, 2026

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feat: implement cast from whole numbers to binary format and bool to decimal #3083

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feat: implement cast from whole numbers to binary format and bool to decimal #3083

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Issue: Dead code

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